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Type 2 diabetes is a disease in which your pancreas does not produce enough insulin (hormone that helps your body control the level of sugar in your blood), or your body does not properly use the insulin it makes. As a result, sugar (glucose) builds up in your blood instead of being used for energy.
Your body gets sugar from foods like bread, potatoes, rice, pasta, milk and fruit. To use this sugar, your body needs insulin.
The classic symptoms of diabetes are the following:
• fatigue
• frequent urination
• unusual thirst
• unexplained weight loss
• Being 40 years of age or older
• Having a close relative (parent or sibling) who has type 2 diabetes
• Being a member of a high-risk population, such as those of African, Arab, Asian, Hispanic, Indigenous or South Asian descent, low socioeconomic status
• Having a history of prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance or impaired fasting glucose)
• Having some evidence of the complications of diabetes, such as eye, nerve or kidney problems
• Heart disease, History Of Pre-Diabetes etc.
• Having a history of gestational diabetes mellitus.
• Having high blood pressure or high cholesterol.
• Being overweight, especially around your abdomen.
• Having a history of giving birth to a baby that weighed over 4 kg (9 lb) at birth;
• Having obstructive sleep apnea.
You can live a long and healthy life by keeping your blood sugar levels in the target range set by you and your health- care provider.
You can do this by:
• Eating healthy meals and snacks
• Aiming for a healthy body weight with regular physical activity
• Monitoring your blood sugar using a home blood glucose meter
• Taking diabetes medications including insulin, if prescribed by your doctor
• Managing stress effectively
